Final answer:
The cultural universal that is NOT shared by all cultures is government.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cultural universal that is NOT shared by all cultures is C) Government. While most cultures have some form of governing system, some societies have traditionally functioned without a centralized government, such as certain hunter-gatherer communities.
Examples of cultural universals that all cultures share include:
- A) Family: Every human society recognizes a family structure that regulates sexual reproduction and the care of children.
- B) Housing/Clothing: Humans all over the world require a place to gather, work, socialize, and sleep, and they have developed various forms of housing and clothing based on their local environments and lifeways.
- D) Formal Education: While the specific structure and content of formal education may vary, all cultures have some means of transmitting knowledge and skills to younger generations.
- E) Religion: Belief in a supernatural or spiritual dimension of the universe is a universal feature of human society, although the specific beliefs and practices vary.
- F) Artistic Expression: Every culture has some form of artistic expression, whether it is through visual arts, music, dance, storytelling, or other creative activities.
- G) Economy: All societies have systems for producing, distributing, and consuming goods and services, even if the specific economic organization differs.