Final answer:
Critical listening distinguishes itself by actively assessing an argument's fairness and credibility, while informational listening is about comprehending and memorizing facts. Philosophical reading engages in these critical listening practices, questioning and evaluating arguments to build a deeper understanding.
Step-by-step explanation:
Critical listening is characterized by actively evaluating the logic, fairness, and credibility of a message, whereas informational listening aims to understand and remember the information presented. Critical listening involves assessing whether an argument is unbiased, whether it provides credible evidence, and if its conclusions are plausible, which are prime skills in philosophical reading. In contrast, informational listening focuses on capturing key facts and repeated statements for comprehension, with less emphasis on evaluating the message's soundness.
To engage in philosophical reading, one employs methods such as questioning the fairness of an argument, searching for bias, and making connections between different concepts. Philosophical reading goes beyond merely recognizing information; it also requires identifying logical bridges within a text and considering alternative possibilities to build a more comprehensive understanding. Philosophical reading, therefore, facilitates a deeper level of engagement and critical analysis compared to other types of reading.