Final answer:
In prokaryotic gene regulation, an operon includes structural genes, a promoter, an operator, and a regulatory gene. These components interact with repressors, activators, and inducers to regulate gene expression by controlling the transcription of genes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The operon model is an essential concept in the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotic cells. An operon consists of several key parts, including:
- a. genes of an operon: The related functional genes transcribed together.
- b. operator: The DNA sequence where the repressor binds to regulate the operon's genes.
- c. operon: A unit of DNA containing a promoter, operator, and a set of genes.
- d. repressor: A protein that binds to the operator to suppress transcription of the genes.
- e. promoter: The DNA sequence where RNA polymerase initiates the transcription of operon genes.
- f. regulatory gene: The gene that produces a repressor or activator protein.
- g. inducer: A molecule that inactivates the repressor, allowing transcription.
Each of these components plays a specific role in transcription regulation through mechanisms such as repressible and inducible control and activation by transcription factors like repressors and activators.