Final answer:
The correct answer is option b. To calculate the mass percent of acetaminophen in Brand W cough syrup, divide the mass of acetaminophen by the total mass of the cough syrup and multiply by 100. The calculation yields a mass percent of 2.38%.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student asked for the mass percent of acetaminophen in Brand W cough syrup, where a dose of the syrup has a mass of 40.0 g and contains 0.950 g of acetaminophen. To find the mass percent, we use the formula:
Mass percent = (mass of solute / mass of solution) × 100%
Plugging in the values from the question:
Mass percent = (0.950 g / 40.0 g) × 100% = 2.375%
After calculating, we round if necessary to find that the mass percent of acetaminophen in the cough syrup is 2.38%, which corresponds to answer choice (b).