Final answer:
The claim linking Wilson and Daly's 1997 Chicago study with a specific twenty-year life expectancy gap between the poorest and wealthiest neighborhoods is false. Instead, the provided materials discuss broader issues of racial and socioeconomic health disparities, including factors such as unstable housing and inadequate healthcare access contributing to varying life expectancies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement attributing to Wilson and Daly's Chicago study is false. There is no direct evidence within the provided references that specifically mentions a twenty-year life expectancy difference between the poorest and wealthiest neighborhoods in Chicago based on the study by Wilson and Daly in 1997. However, it is well-documented that economic and racial disparities have significant impacts on health outcomes, including life expectancy. The provided sources suggest that disparities exist and have been a persistent issue, with factors such as unstable housing, systemic poverty, and unequal access to health care contributing to the difference in life expectancies between different racial and socioeconomic groups.
In particular, Wilson's work in 'The Truly Disadvantaged' and the excerpt mentioning Black mortality and life expectancy highlight the broader context of these inequalities, which can vary widely from one neighborhood to another and correlate with income and education levels. Additionally, racial health disparities in the United States, including differences in life expectancy and access to care, have been acknowledged in the 'Health in the United States' statistical information.