Final answer:
Half a gram of hemoglobin can carry 0.67 milliliters of oxygen at 100% saturation based on its capacity to bind four oxygen molecules per hemoglobin molecule.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amount of oxygen half a gram of hemoglobin can carry at 100% saturation is 0.67 milliliters. Each gram of hemoglobin can bind approximately 1.34 mL of oxygen when fully saturated. Knowing that, half a gram would, therefore, carry half the amount, which is 0.67 mL. This is based on the principle that each hemoglobin molecule has four heme groups, and each can bind one molecule of oxygen.
Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells, can carry up to four oxygen molecules. Each hemoglobin molecule contains four iron-containing heme molecules, which bind to oxygen. Therefore, if a hemoglobin molecule is 100% saturated, it can carry four oxygen molecules. So, half a gram of hemoglobin can carry up to four oxygen molecules.