Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question is 'a. realistic job preview', which is a tool used to inform potential employees about the day-to-day activities and responsibilities of a job they are considering.
Step-by-step explanation:
A realistic job preview (RJP) is a tool used by organizations to give potential employees a sense of what their day-to-day work would be like if they were hired. It allows job seekers to understand the environment they may be working in as well as the daily tasks associated with the job. Unlike structured or unstructured interviews, which are designed to ask candidates various questions to assess their suitability for a role, a realistic job preview is concerned with providing an accurate representation of the job itself.
During a realistic job preview, candidates might receive a verbal description of the role, witness a demonstration, or even participate in some job-related tasks. This experience can be invaluable for both the employer and the prospective employee as it minimizes the potential for job dissatisfaction and turnover by ensuring the candidate has a clear understanding of what the role entails before committing to it. By offering an honest view of a position's responsibilities and the company's culture, employers can foster better job matches and decrease the likelihood of future misunderstandings or unmet expectations.