Final answer:
The statement is false; the division between the CNS and PNS is based on more than just anatomical differences of cells, as it also involves their respective functions. Both systems are intertwined, with the CNS comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the PNS encompassing nerves and ganglia that connect to the CNS.
Step-by-step explanation:
The division between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is not solely based on the anatomical differences between cells in the two locations. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, which are contained within the cranial and vertebral cavities, respectively.
Meanwhile, the PNS encompasses nerves and ganglia outside of these cavities. While the CNS and PNS have different anatomical locations, the distinction also involves their respective functions, with the PNS being the communication lines linking all parts of the body to the CNS.
However, some elements of the PNS do reside within the cranial or vertebral cavities. This makes the distinction between the CNS and PNS based on anatomy an oversimplification, as the division is not universally defined purely by location. Both the CNS and PNS contribute to the same functions, such as sensation, integration, and response, though those functions are attributed to different regions or structures within each system.