Question

The Florida panther, Puma concolor, is an endangered species. Because of human development the habitat of this large predator is becoming increasingly fragmented. It is estimated that only about 100 panthers remain in existence today.

Biologists have expressed concern about the effects of genetic drift on this species. Explain how genetic drift can be expected to affect allele frequencies of this species and why biologists are concerned

Answer 1

Genetic drift can lead to significant changes in allele frequencies within the small population of Florida panthers, causing concern for biologists due to the potential decrease in genetic variation, increased inbreeding, and reduced adaptability of the species.

Step-by-step explanation:

Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies within a population, particularly significant in small populations such as the Florida panther (Puma concolor). As their habitat becomes more fragmented due to human development, the already endangered panther population faces increased risks associated with genetic drift. These risks include reduced genetic variation, which can lead to inbreeding and a decrease in population fitness. Reduced genetic variation can also limit the panthers' ability to adapt to environmental changes or disease, potentially leading to further decline or extinction.

Biologists are concerned about these effects because each loss of genetic diversity can have a significant impact on the ecosystem services these predators provide and on their long-term survival. As such, conservation efforts focus on increasing genetic diversity and habitat connectivity to mitigate the consequences of genetic drift.