Final answer:
The membrane-bound components responsible for the adaptive immune response are cytokines, cytotoxic T cell receptors (TCR), antibodies, Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, and Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II.
Step-by-step explanation:
The membrane-bound components responsible for the adaptive immune response are:
- Cytokines: These are signaling molecules that help regulate the immune response and mediate communication between immune cells.
- Cytotoxic T cell receptors (TCR): These receptors are expressed on the surface of cytotoxic T cells and allow them to recognize and bind to specific antigens.
- Antibodies: These are proteins produced by B cells that can specifically recognize and bind to antigens, marking them for destruction.
- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I: These molecules are found on the surface of all nucleated cells and present antigens to cytotoxic T cells, which recognize and eliminate infected or abnormal cells.
- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II: These molecules are primarily found on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells and present antigens to helper T cells, which play a crucial role in activating other immune cells.
Therefore, the correct options for membrane-bound components responsible for the adaptive immune response are:
- Cytokines
- Cytotoxic T cell receptors (TCR)
- Antibodies
- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I
- Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II