Final answer:
The gender stratification hypothesis posits that gender differences are resultant of cultural variations in opportunities for girls and women and this is true. Schools have played a role in reinforcing these differences, and the labor market shows evident gender stratification in pay and positions of power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The gender stratification hypothesis is indeed true. This hypothesis suggests that gender differences in societies are related to the varying levels of opportunities available for girls and women. Schooling institutions have, historically, directed girls and boys towards different educational and career paths, thereby reinforcing gender inequality. Instances include encouraging girls to take home economics or humanities and boys to focus on math and science. Moreover, in the workforce, evidence shows that men outnumber women in high-earning leadership roles, and even when women hold equal positions, they tend to earn less.
From a sociological perspective, the stratification resulting from differential socialization contributes to the disparity between genders. Various sociological theories, including functionalism and symbolic interactionism, provide frameworks to understand the perpetuation of gender roles, inequalities, and stereotypes. For example, functionalism may attribute gender inequality to the division of labor within society, while symbolic interactionism observes how gendered interactions and expectations shape individual behaviors and societal norms.