Final answer:
Standardized intelligence tests can have a cultural bias by measuring knowledge that is associated with a particular culture or social group.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cultural bias in standardized intelligence testing is that these tests often measure knowledge that is associated with a particular culture or social group. For example, a question about the instruments in an orchestra may require cultural knowledge that is more commonly held by affluent individuals who have been exposed to orchestral music.
This bias is reflected in option C: these tests only measure practical knowledge needed to solve a problem in a particular setting. The tests assume that the test-taker has been exposed to and has knowledge of specific cultural references, which can disadvantage individuals from different cultural backgrounds.
A cultural bias is also present in option D, as standardized intelligence tests are not typically based on indigenous concepts and knowledge. Instead, they tend to reflect the dominant culture's values and norms.