Final answer:
The IUPAC name for CH₃CO(CH₂)₄CH₃ is hexan-2-one, and the common name is diethyl ketone. It is important to note that ketones have their carbonyl group within the carbon chain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The molecule provided in the question, CH₃CO(CH₂)₄CH₃, is a ketone because it has a carbonyl group (C=O) within the carbon chain, not at the end, as would be in an aldehyde.
To name this ketone, we'll first identify the longest carbon chain that contains the carbonyl group, yielding a six-carbon chain which indicates a hexane base name.
Next, since the carbonyl group is located at the second carbon atom, the IUPAC name would be hexan-2-one. However, for common naming, we name the two alkyl groups on either side of the carbonyl group followed by 'ketone'. In this case, both alkyl groups are propyl groups. So the common name for this compound would be diethyl ketone, as each ethyl group corresponds to a two-carbon alkyl group.