Final answer:
In classical conditioning the response is elicited by a conditioned stimulus, while in operant conditioning the response is an emitted behavior that is influenced by its consequences. Classical conditioning involves involuntarily responses and operant conditioning involves voluntary behaviors.
Step-by-step explanation:
In classical conditioning the response is elicited, while in operant conditioning the response is emitted.
In classical conditioning, a previously neutral stimulus becomes associated with an involuntary or reflexive response after being paired multiple times with a stimulus that naturally elicits that response. This type of learning is where an elicited response is conditioned, such as the salivation of dogs in Pavlov's experiments when they heard a bell after being conditioned to associate the sound with the presentation of food.
Operant conditioning involves an emitted response that is influenced by the consequences that follow. This means that behavior is modified in terms of form, strength, or frequency as a result of rewards or punishments. For example, a rat may learn to press a lever (a voluntary behavior) if doing so is followed by the reward of food.