Final answer:
Ethics in professional settings demands consideration of the effects on one's employer or client, the non-professional public, and other professionals; hence, all three groups (I, II, and III) should be taken into account when making decisions. The correct answer to the student's question is d.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ethics requires consideration of the effects of our behavior on various groups, including I. our employer or client, II. the non-professional in society, and III. other professionals. The correct answer to the student's question is d. I, II, and III. Ethical considerations must encompass a wide array of stakeholders; no group should be excluded as each decision made within a professional context can have far-reaching implications. Professional organizations, like the IEEE-CS, provide guidelines to ensure the well-being of these groups through codes of ethics.
The Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice, for instance, stipulates that engineers must consider the safety and privacy impacts of their work. Similarly, sociologists must conduct ethical studies ensuring participant safety and informed consent, highlighting that ethical considerations are not confined to a single group but to society at large.