Final answer:
O Both They have no common clinical symptoms.Sandra with panic disorder and Monique with a specific phobia share the experience of anxiety as a clinical symptom, stemming from inappropriate responses to fear and anxiety.
Step-by-step explanation:
When comparing panic disorder and specific phobia, the clinical similarity that Sandra and Monique share is that both experience anxiety as a symptom. Panic disorder and specific phobia are subcategories of anxiety disorders, which are characterized by prolonged periods of excessive worry and fear that significantly impact daily functioning.
These disorders are part of the most common mental health issues in the United States, affecting a significant proportion of adults either within a single year or over their lifetime.
Sandra, diagnosed with panic disorder, is likely to experience symptoms such as unexpected and recurring panic attacks, intense fear of future attacks, and potentially avoidance behaviors. Monique, with a specific phobia, experiences intense, irrational fear triggered by a particular object or situation, such as heights or flying, leading to avoidance or extreme distress when confronted with the phobic stimulus.
Both disorders stem from a similar underlying mechanism—maladaptive responses to fear and anxiety, even though triggers and manifestations may differ.