Final answer:
D. Neptune has the longest orbital period of the Jovian planets, taking 165 years to complete one orbit around the sun according to Kepler's laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on Kepler's laws, the Jovian planet with the longest orbital period would be Neptune. According to Kepler's third law, there is a relationship between the orbital period of a planet and its distance from the sun—more distant planets have longer orbital periods. The basic characteristics of the Jovian planets inform us that Jupiter takes just under 12 years to orbit the sun, Saturn approximately 30 years, Uranus about 84 years, and Neptune requires 165 years to complete one orbit. Therefore, among the given options, which include Jupiter (A), Saturn (B), Uranus (C), and Neptune (D), it is Neptune that we would expect to have the longest orbital period.
According to Kepler's laws, the Jovian planet with the longest orbital period would be Neptune. Neptune has a period of 165 years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Its average orbital speed is just 5 kilometers per second, which is much slower compared to the other Jovian planets.