Answer and Explanation:
a. This text presents a fallacy, because it addresses an argument that seems logical and that addresses correct racicocinage, but it presents falha and addresses an untruth or distortion of reality caused to appear correct, but it is false.
b. The fallacy presented is an appeal to pity. For the speaker tries to provoke the punishment of the listeners by exposing an individual's mistakes as an attempt to justify his own mistakes.