Final answer:
During the Renaissance, the invention of the printing press, the rise of Humanism, and economic prosperity due to a wealthy merchant class substantially increased interest in reading and learning. The spread of humanist ideals also encouraged the reform of Christianity and a more personal approach to faith.
Step-by-step explanation:
Social and Economic Developments During the Renaissance
The Renaissance, a period of great intellectual growth and cultural change in Europe, was notably marked by several developments that greatly fostered an interest in reading and learning.
Printing Press
The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized the spread of knowledge by making books more accessible and affordable. This technological advancement allowed for the widespread dissemination of classical texts and humanist literature, which in turn fueled the appetite for learning.
Humanism
Humanism was an intellectual movement that placed emphasis on the study and achievements of human beings. It was centered on the classics of Greek and Roman philosophy and encouraged the idea that through understanding the works of these ancient civilizations, people could improve their lives and their society.
Economic Prosperity
The growth of trade and the emergence of a prosperous merchant class in mercantile centers like Florence provided the financial support necessary for the arts and learning. This economic prosperity, coupled with the humanist ideals, led to significant patronage of the arts and the sponsorship of intellectuals.
Impact on Religion and Society
The spread of humanist thought and criticism of the church also led to various reform movements within Christianity. Scholars encouraged a return to original Christian teachings and the harmonization of biblical texts with humanist principles, leading to a more personal approach to faith and piety.