Final answer:
The style of modernism developed by German composers is Expressionism. This movement focuses on emotional experiences and includes innovations in melody, harmony, and rhythm. It became the defining genre of German music in the early 20th century. option d is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The style of modernism that German composers developed is Expressionism. Expressionism is an avant-garde genre that originated in Germany before the First World War and continued to be popular during the Weimar Republic. This artistic movement was characterized by a focus on emotional experience over physical reality, often emphasizing subjective perspective to evoke moods or ideas. It was a direct response to the dissatisfaction with academic standards in art and the advent of a more modern, industrialized society.
Expressionism in music often meant exploring new tonalities, atonal structures, or unconventional rhythm and form to express the inner emotional life. As it extended to various forms of art, including painting, literature, theater, dance, film, architecture, and music, it also reacted against the perceived superficiality of impressionism and the strict forms of classicism. Therefore, when considering modernism in German music, expressionism is the correct option to mention.
Notable German composers who were part of the Expressionist movement included Arnold Schoenberg, who is known for his atonal music, as well as his pupils Alban Berg and Anton Webern. These composers sought to convey deep psychological truths, often through intense and evocative means.