Final answer:
A subsistence strategy based on utilizing a wide range of locally sourced foods and returning to base camps is defined as gathering-hunting. This approach emphasizes the crucial role of gathering over hunting, as reflected in the practices of the Hadza people and their mobility and adaptability to environmental resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
Groups relying on a wide range of locally available foods and bringing them back to base camps are engaged in a subsistence strategy known as gathering-hunting. This term is prioritized over 'hunting and gathering' to better represent the significant role that gathering plays in providing the majority of calories for such societies. The Hadza of northern Tanzania are a prime example of gatherer-hunters, traditionally living in semi-nomadic bands that settle temporarily to exploit the resources of a particular area. Their mobility is characterized by seasonal migrations and is highly dependent on environmental resources and availability.
It's important to note that most societies practice a combination of subsistence strategies and modes of exchange, with one primary strategy that may incorporate elements from others. For instance, gatherer-hunters may engage in farming or herding when necessary. The gatherer-hunter mode typically coordinates with sociocultural features of a group, but there can be significant diversity within this mode based on environmental circumstances and cultural practices.