Final answer:
option c.Redundancy, fault tolerance, and patching are controls that aim to maintain the availability of systems by ensuring they remain operational and protected against vulnerabilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common controls of redundancy, fault tolerance, and patching primarily address the security goal of availability. Redundancy involves creating duplicates of systems or components so that if one fails, another can take over, thereby ensuring that services remain available. Fault tolerance refers to the capability of a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of some of its components, thus maintaining service availability. Patching is the process of updating software to fix vulnerabilities that could be exploited, ensuring that systems are available and protected against attacks.
The common controls of redundancy, fault tolerance, and patching address the security goal of availability. Availability ensures that a system or resource is accessible and operational when needed. Redundancy refers to the duplication of critical components or systems to provide backup in case of failure, increasing availability. Fault tolerance refers to the ability of a system to continue functioning even in the presence of faults or failures, contributing to availability. Patching involves regularly updating and fixing vulnerabilities in a system, reducing the risk of downtime and improving availability.