Final answer:
B. Active management-by-exception is a leadership style where leaders actively monitor and correct mistakes as they occur.
Step-by-step explanation:
With active management-by-exception, the leader arranges to monitor mistakes and errors dynamically and takes corrective action when required. This management style involves leaders who actively seek to identify problems as they arise and intervene promptly to correct them. It contrasts with passive management-by-exception, where the leader waits for issues to become apparent before taking action, and laissez-faire leadership, which allows members of the group to make their own decisions without much interference. It is important to distinguish between these styles as well as others, such as transformational leadership and contingent reward leadership, which are related but distinct approaches to managing and leading groups or organizations.