Final answer:
Psychophysiological disorders are physical disorders influenced by stress and emotional factors. Examples include cardiovascular disorders and asthma, which are impacted by both physiological and psychological factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychophysiological disorders are physical disorders or diseases whose symptoms are brought about or worsened by stress and emotional factors. These disorders are characterized by real physical symptoms that can be produced or exacerbated by psychological factors. Some examples include cardiovascular disorders and asthma, which are influenced by both physiological and psychological factors.
For cardiovascular disorders, many risk factors have been identified, including social determinants such as aging, income, education, and employment status, as well as behavioral risk factors like unhealthy diet, tobacco use, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption. Obesity and diabetes are additional risk factors. The limbic system and generalized sympathetic and parasympathetic responses are neural mechanisms that can impact cardiovascular function.
In the case of asthma, emotional factors can trigger symptoms or make them worse. The immune system also plays a role in how stress and emotional factors can lead to illness and disease. Stress can activate immune responses that can contribute to the development or exacerbation of asthma symptoms.