Final answer:
Power in our society is often associated with masculinity, exemplified by the overrepresentation of men in leadership roles and the expectation of masculine traits like decisiveness and assertiveness. Cultural studies by anthropologists like Daniel Jordan Smith show that masculine identity involves a lifelong pursuit of power and prestige. Patriarchal systems perpetuate these associations, but researchers point out cultural variations where these norms are challenged.
Step-by-step explanation:
Power is symbolically linked to masculinity in our society in various ways, often through the portrayal of men in positions of authority, the association of physical strength with leadership, and the valorization of traits traditionally seen as masculine, such as competitiveness and stoicism. One example of how power is conflated with masculine traits is found within the corporate world, where executives and leaders are expected to be decisive, assertive, and often physically imposing. Men are disproportionately represented in these high-status roles, and the qualities required for success frequently align with stereotypical masculine attributes.
Cultural anthropologist Daniel Jordan Smith's research in Igbo communities highlights the complexities of masculinity, showing it not simply as conferred at birth but as a lifelong project. A young man, through processes of education and urban survival, learns to equate his masculine identity with the acquisition of wealth and romantic conquest. This construction of masculinity intersects with power as it necessitates economic success and social dominance to achieve societal recognition as a man.
The concept of patriarchy and traditional authority shows the intertwining of power with masculinity. Men, particularly those from dominant racial or upper-class backgrounds, are more likely to hold roles of authority, perpetuating systems where masculine traits are associated with power and competence. However, studies like Sanday's research on the Minangkabau and Smith's work demonstrate that these associations are not universal and can be challenged or viewed differently across cultures.