Final answer:
Camillo Golgi discovered the Golgi apparatus using a silver staining technique on nerve cells, earning him a Nobel prize for Medicine or Physiology in 1906 shared with Santiago Ramón y Cajal for their contributions to cellular neuroscience.
Step-by-step explanation:
Camillo Golgi, an early neurobiologist, developed a silver staining technique that was used to observe various structures within nerve cells by light microscopy.
He discovered the Golgi apparatus within the endomembrane system in 1898, which is composed of membranous disks called dictyosomes. This staining method increased visual contrast, aiding in the identification of structures such as the Golgi vesicles in nerve cells.
Golgi's method and discoveries in the field of cellular neuroscience earned him the Nobel prize for Medicine or Physiology in 1906, which he shared with Santiago Ramón y Cajal who reported structures in the nuclei of neurons and developed detailed drawings of brain nerve cells before modern photographic technology was available.