Final answer:
The adenohypophysis, or anterior pituitary, produces its own hormones in response to the hypothalamus. Growth Hormone and Prolactin are two examples of hormones released by the anterior pituitary, targeting bones, muscles, and mammary glands respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The adenohypophysis refers to the anterior pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary is regulated by hormones produced by the hypothalamus and, upon activation, secretes its own hormones. In contrast, the posterior pituitary is not a true gland but an extension of the hypothalamus and releases hormones made by the hypothalamus, mainly antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.
Two hormones released by the anterior pituitary are:
- Growth Hormone (GH) - Targets bones and muscles, promoting body growth and increasing blood glucose levels.
- Prolactin (PRL) - Target tissues for prolactin include mammary glands, and the effect of prolactin is to stimulate milk production after childbirth.