Final answer:
The adrenal medulla is an example of a neuroendocrine gland, responding to neural stimuli to release hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland, and hyposecretion is the underproduction of hormones, as seen in hypothyroidism involving insufficient T3 and T4 hormones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The example of a neuroendocrine gland from the choices given is the adrenal medulla. Neuroendocrine glands are structures that function as both nerve and endocrine tissues. The adrenal medulla, located in the center of the adrenal gland, acts in response to neural stimuli. During short-term stress, the nervous system directly stimulates the adrenal medulla to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones aid in the body's “fight or flight” response.
The main brain structure that secretes hormones to control the pituitary gland is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland work together to regulate various physiological processes, maintaining homeostasis.
Hyposecretion is the underproduction of hormones. An example of an endocrine disorder involving hyposecretion is hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, specifically T3 and T4. Insufficient levels of these hormones can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.