Final answer:
There are two transverse rows of carpal bones in the human hand, which consist of a proximal and a distal row, each containing four bones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The base of the hand consists of eight carpal bones that are organized into two transverse rows. These two rows are known as the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones. The proximal row includes the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones, while the distal row comprises the hamate, capitate, trapezoid, and trapezium bones. Together, they enable the complex movements of the wrist and hand by forming joints such as the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints.
The proximal row of carpal bones articulates with the distal end of the radius to form the radiocarpal joint, and the distal row articulates with the metacarpal bones to give structure to the palm of the hand. Additionally, the carpal bones are essential for the formation of the carpal tunnel, which allows for the passage of flexor tendons and the median nerve into the hand. In summary, there are two transverse rows made of carpal bones in the human hand.