Final answer:
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is a disorder involving the jaw's movement mechanism that can cause pain, difficulty chewing, and lock jaw, often treated with pain medication or bite guards.
Step-by-step explanation:
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (often abbreviated as TMJ) is a condition affecting the complex joint responsible for the movement of the jaw. This joint enables actions like opening and closing the mouth, as well as side-to-side movements and protraction/retraction of the lower jaw. The TMJ is made up of the articulation between the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the skull's temporal bone, along with the condyle of the mandible. A key component is the articular disc located between the bones that facilitates smooth movement.
Disorders of the TMJ can lead to symptoms like pain, headache, difficulty chewing, or lock jaw. This may arise from various underlying issues such as arthritis, cartilage wear, muscle fatigue, teeth grinding, disc damage, or trauma. Treatments often involve pain management strategies, such as pharmacologic agents or physical therapies including the use of bite guards.