Final answer:
The Chinese government appealed to the League of Nations for assistance and demanded the return of Manchuria, but Japan ignored the demand and withdrew from the organization. The Mukden Incident marked the start of escalating conflicts between China and Japan.
Step-by-step explanation:
In response to the Mukden Incident, which refers to the Japanese occupation of Manchuria in 1931, the Chinese government appealed to the League of Nations for assistance and called for the return of Manchuria to China. However, the League of Nations was unable to enforce its ruling, and Japan instead withdrew from the organization. This incident marked the beginning of escalating conflicts between China and Japan, leading to the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937.