Final answer:
The primary goal of therapy varies by approach: Freudian psychoanalysis aims for insight into unconscious conflicts, while client-centered therapy focuses on relief of symptoms, interpersonal relationships, and self-esteem enhancement. Therapy's overarching goal is to improve psychological well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary goal of therapy can vary depending on the therapeutic approach and the needs of the client. For instance, in Freudian psychoanalysis, the primary objective may be to gain insight into unconscious motives and conflicts that are influencing the individual's behavior and experiences. Sigmund Freud's theories emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and how repressed memories can cause symptoms. The process of making the unconscious conscious is fundamental to this approach, allowing individuals to understand and resolve their internal conflicts.
Another approach, such as Carl Rogers' client-centered therapy, focuses more on the here and now, with goals such as the relief of symptoms, improvement of interpersonal relationships, and enhancement of self-esteem. Rogers believed in fostering an environment of unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy to help clients work through their issues, promoting personal growth and self-understanding. Rather than delving into the unconscious, this approach emphasizes the client's capacity for self-healing and personal development.
Therefore, while gaining insight into unconscious motives and conflict is a primary goal in classic psychoanalysis, other forms of therapy may prioritize symptom relief, interpersonal relationships, and self-esteem. The overarching goal of therapy generally is to facilitate psychological well-being and improve the client's life functioning across various domains.