Final answer:
Sigmund Freud is considered the Father of Psychoanalytic theory, including transference and countertransference. His contributions laid the foundation for psychoanalysis as a field of study.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sigmund Freud is considered the Father of Psychoanalytic theory, including transference and countertransference. Freud presented the first comprehensive theory of personality and emphasized the role of the unconscious mind. While his ideas have been modified and expanded upon by other neo-Freudians such as Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Erik Erikson, Freud's contributions laid the foundation for psychoanalysis as a field of study.