Final answer:
The three main approaches to dealing with anger are moving towards people, moving against people, and moving away from people, according to Karen Horney. These strategies can be beneficial but may lead to alienation if used compulsively. Emotion-focused coping and cognitive reappraisal are also key in managing anger effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three main approaches to dealing with anger, according to the theories of Karen Horney, are moving towards people, moving against people, and moving away from people. Each style represents a different coping mechanism for handling day-to-day problems and feelings of anger or dissatisfaction. The moving towards people approach involves seeking affiliation and dependence as a way to gain attention and affection. The moving against people approach relies on aggression and assertiveness, dealing with insecurities by fighting or bullying. Lastly, the moving away from people style is characterized by detachment and isolation, handling anxiety by withdrawing and being self-sufficient.
While these coping styles can be helpful, they can become problematic if used rigidly and compulsively, leading to alienation and neurotic patterns. It is also important for individuals to focus on changing their outlook instead of circumstances, employing emotion-focused coping strategies such as cognitive reappraisal to manage stress.