Final answer:
The most pronounced coral growth on a fringing coral reef occurs in shallow water where there's a symbiotic relationship with algae that need sunlight. Deeper waters lack this relationship, making coral growth less substantial there.
Step-by-step explanation:
The area of a fringing coral reef that is most likely to see more pronounced coral growth is 1) shallow water. Corals form large colonies in shallow tropical water due to their symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae that require sunlight for photosynthesis. These algae provide the corals with essential nutrients, which are scarce in these waters. The corals need to be relatively close to the surface to access sunlight, which facilitates algae's photosynthetic processes. In contrast, corals in deeper and colder waters, which lack this mutualistic relationship, have to depend on capturing plankton with their tentacles to sustain themselves.
Coral reefs are important marine structures that provide habitats for diverse species and are protective barriers for shorelines. However, they are confined to the photic zone of the ocean, within 30 degrees north and south of the equator, and are at risk of destruction due to environmental changes.