Final answer:
Rational ignorance discourages voting by making people feel that their vote won't matter. A small special interest group can win in majority voting by using strategic tactics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rational ignorance can discourage voting by leading individuals to believe that their vote will not make a significant impact on the outcome of an election. When people are uninformed or have limited knowledge about candidates and issues, they may choose not to vote due to a lack of understanding or interest.
A small special interest group can win in a situation of majority voting when the benefits it seeks only flow to a small group by using strategic lobbying, campaign contributions, and grassroots organizing. The group can target key decision-makers and persuade them to support their cause, even if it may not align with the overall interests of the majority.