Final answer:
Condenser microphones use the electroacoustic transduction principle to convert sound into an electrical signal by varying capacitance between a diaphragm and a backplate.
Step-by-step explanation:
Condenser microphones operate by using an electroacoustic transduction principle. This principle involves converting sound into an electrical signal. The microphone has a thin diaphragm located near a metal plate called a backplate, forming a capacitor.
When sound waves hit the diaphragm, it moves, causing variations in the distance between the diaphragm and the backplate. These movements change the capacitance, causing variations in the electrical signal that correspond to the acoustic sound.
Condenser microphones require a power source, often provided by phantom power, to maintain the electrical charge between the diaphragm and backplate.
Condenser microphones operate by using an electrostatic principle. In condenser microphones, a thin diaphragm is placed close to a backplate with a small gap in between. When sound waves hit the diaphragm, it vibrates and changes the capacitance between the diaphragm and the backplate. This capacitance change is then converted into an electrical signal.