Final answer:
The umbra is the name for a total shadow, while the penumbra refers to a partial shadow. During eclipses, viewers in the umbra see a total eclipse, whereas those in the penumbra see a partial eclipse. Therefore correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
The celestial dance of shadows unfolds during eclipses, revealing two distinct realms: the umbra and the penumbra. The umbra, the profound abyss of shadow, plunges into darkness as the light source succumbs entirely to obstruction. It is within this stygian sanctum that the captivating spectacle of a total solar eclipse materializes, as the Moon's umbra delicately caresses Earth's surface. The penumbra, a realm of tempered dimness, witnesses only a partial veiling of the luminous source, offering observers a tantalizing glimpse of celestial theater in the form of a partial eclipse.
Beyond this cosmic ballet lies the annular eclipse, where the Moon, positioned more distantly, refrains from wholly cloaking the Sun. Instead, a luminous halo emerges, a radiant ring encircling the solar brilliance—an ethereal testament to the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and the captivating interstice of light and shadow in the vast cosmic tapestry.