Question

Ca channel blockers (VERA had a white dress, took a NIFE to DILT w/ it to LOWER PRESSURE)?

1) Calcium channel blockers decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.
2) Calcium channel blockers decrease the efflux of calcium ions from smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in contraction of the muscles and constriction of the blood vessels.
3) Calcium channel blockers increase the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.
4) Calcium channel blockers increase the efflux of calcium ions from smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in contraction of the muscles and constriction of the blood vessels.

Answer 1

Calcium channel blockers decrease the influx of calcium ions into the heart and blood vessel smooth muscle cells, causing relaxation of these muscles and dilation of the vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure. This makes them effective for treating hypertension and certain heart conditions.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct option to the question regarding the mechanism of action for calcium channel blockers is that they decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This results in the relaxation of the muscles and the dilation of blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. Specifically, calcium channel blockers, such as Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Felodipine, Nifedipine, Nimodipine, Nisoldipine, and Verapamil work by inhibiting the flow of calcium ions through the L-type calcium channels located on the cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells.

In the context of cardiac physiology, the influx of calcium ions through these channels during the action potential triggers muscle contraction. By blocking these channels, calcium channel blockers reduce the strength of the muscular contraction (negative inotropic effect) and reduce the heart's demand for oxygen. This, in combination with their vasodilatory effect, makes them effective in treating conditions such as hypertension and angina pectoris.

In summary, the answer is option 1: Calcium channel blockers decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.

Answer 2

Calcium channel blockers, including Amlodipine, Diltiazem, and Nifedipine, act to reduce calcium influx in the heart and blood vessel smooth muscles, causing relaxation and dilation, which lower blood pressure.

They are different from positive inotropic agents that increase intracellular calcium to enhance contraction strength.

The correct answer is option 1) Calcium channel blockers decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.

Step-by-step explanation:

Calcium channel blockers are a class of medications that are used to decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. By doing this, they result in the relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.

Medications such as Amlodipine, Diltiazem, and Nifedipine are part of this group. The efect of these medications is contrary to agents that act as positive inotropic agents like dopamine and digitalis, which increase the strength of contraction by raising the levels of intracellular calcium.

The action of calcium channel blockers leads to a decrease in peripheral resistance and thus, lower blood pressure. This makes these drugs particularly effective in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. It's important to note that loo much of these medications can lead to negative effects like bradycardia or even cardiac arrest.

The correct answer is option 1) Calcium channel blockers decrease the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the blood vessels.