Final answer:
NPO, meaning 'nil per os,' is the abbreviation that signifies 'nothing by mouth.' It is crucial in medical contexts to prevent a patient from consuming food or drink orally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abbreviation that means "nothing by mouth" is NPO, which stands for "nil per os." This is a medical instruction to refrain from giving a patient any food or drink orally. In contrast, PO refers to "by mouth," PRN means "as needed," and BID signifies "twice a day." It is important to understand these abbreviations as they are commonly used in medical orders