Final answer:
The Bacillus thuringiensis gene in corn produces a protein that acts as an insecticide, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. It is safe for humans and the environment and has minimal effects on non-target species like butterflies in field conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The insertion of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene into corn makes the plants produce a bacterial protein that has insecticidal properties. This genetic modification provides corn with a built-in defense mechanism against certain insect pests. When insects consume the Bt toxin present in the corn, the toxin becomes activated in their intestines, leading them to stop feeding and ultimately causing their death within a few days. This beneficial trait significantly reduces the need for external chemical insecticides, leading to a more environmentally friendly approach to pest management in agriculture.
The targeted approach of the Bt toxin has been found to be safe for the environment and non-toxic to humans and other mammals, allowing its use by organic farmers as a natural insecticide. Some potential concerns include the possible development of resistance among insect populations to the Bt toxin and the indirect effects on non-target species like the monarch butterfly. However, follow-up studies have shown that the effect of Bt corn pollen on monarch caterpillars is negligible under field conditions.