Final answer:
Foot pedals in surgery allow surgeons to adjust the endoscope view and apply energy such as bipolar or monopolar for cutting or coagulation, all while maintaining manual dexterity for instrument handling.OPTION C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The foot pedals used by surgeons during procedures have distinct functions. These pedals are an integral part of various surgical systems, especially when dealing with endoscopic surgery. One pedal may be used to control the endoscope, adjusting the view the surgeon has of the surgical area. This includes moving the camera angle, zooming in or out, or advancing and retracting the endoscope. Other pedals may be utilized to deliver energy for cutting or coagulating tissue. When energy is needed, a surgeon might use one pedal for monopolar energy – a single pathway to the active electrode, and another for bipolar energy – a pathway that includes both the active and return electrodes within the same instrument, which is considered safer for the patient as it minimizes the risk of electrical burns.
In complex surgeries that involve fiber optics and endoscopes, foot pedals allow hands-free operation so that surgeons can maintain their manual dexterity for handling surgical instruments. This multisensory approach is crucial for minimally invasive surgeries, where precision and control are key.