Final answer:
Montesquieu is the person who gave us the idea of the legislative, executive, and judicial parts of the government.
Step-by-step explanation:
The person who gave us the idea of the legislative, executive, and judicial parts of our government was Montesquieu. He was a French Enlightenment writer who argued that political liberty can be maintained by separating the powers of government. He suggested that the executive, legislative, and judicial functions should be assigned to different bodies to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.