Final answer:
During the Middle Ages, Greek texts were translated and studied by various groups and individuals, including Byzantine Greek scholars and emigrants, as well as scholars in the Abbasid Caliphate and Toledo, Spain. The translations of Greek texts into Arabic and Latin played a significant role in preserving and spreading ancient Greek knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Middle Ages, the study and translation of Greek texts were undertaken by various groups and individuals. After the Crusader conquest of Constantinople in 1204, Byzantine Greek scholars and emigrants played a key role in reviving Greek and Roman literature and science. In addition, the translation movement of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad during the 9th and 10th centuries brought about the translation of Greek texts into Arabic, which later influenced the translation movement in Toledo, Spain during the 12th and 13th centuries. The translations of Greek texts into Arabic and Latin during the Middle Ages contributed to the preservation and dissemination of ancient Greek knowledge.