Final answer:
Genetic engineering has produced pest-resistant, herbicide-resistant, and nutritionally enhanced plants, making all the choices correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genetic engineering of plants has produced a variety of advancements in agricultural science, addressing some of the most challenging issues in crop production. Notably, genetic engineering has enabled the creation of pest-resistant plants, plants that are herbicide-resistant, and plants with increased nutritional value. Transgenic plants, which are plants whose genomes have been modified using genetic engineering techniques, have been cultivated to exhibit these traits, leading to improvements such as increased crop yields, enhanced resistance to environmental stresses, and the fortification of foods with essential nutrients.
These advancements have significant implications for food security and agricultural sustainability. For example, pest-resistant crops minimize the need for chemical pesticides, reducing environmental pollution and health risks to farm workers and consumers. Herbicide-resistant crops allow farmers to control weeds effectively without damaging the crop, while plants with increased nutritional value can help to address malnutrition in various parts of the world.
Thus, in response to the question, the correct answer is 4) All of the choices are correct. Genetic engineering has indeed produced pest-resistant plants, herbicide-resistant plants, and plants with increased nutritional value, contributing to a more resilient and sustainable agricultural system.