The airborne bacterial infection that primarily affects children younger than 6 years is Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, caused by Bordetella pertussis.
The name of the airborne bacterial infection that typically affects children younger than 6 years is Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough. Caused by Bordetella pertussis, this infection is highly communicable and is characterized by severe coughing spells that are often followed by a 'whooping' sound during the intake of air. The presence of an effective vaccine has diminished the prevalence of Pertussis, but outbreaks still occur, particularly among infants and young children where it's most pronounced.
To conclude, Pertussis or whooping cough is the infectious disease in question, impacting mostly those in young age groups, with preventive vaccination being key in controlling its spread.