Final answer:
Various ethical standards including professional, academic, personal, and legal standards might be in question when a teacher changes a student's grade, with professional and academic standards being primary.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a teacher changes a student's grade, various types of ethical standards can come into question. Primarily, professional standards are at stake here since teachers are part of a professional body with a set of rules and norms they must follow. These ethical standards are often outlined by professional organizations to guide members' behavior and uphold integrity in the profession. Secondly, academic standards are also involved, as grades are a reflection of a student's knowledge and competencies, and any changes made should reflect true academic performance. Lastly, personal standards and legal standards might also come into play to varying degrees, depending on the motive behind the grade change and the laws or regulations surrounding educational practice and record-keeping.