Final answer:
Fatty acids are a product of triglyceride digestion that can be absorbed into the absorptive cells of the small intestine, facilitated by the emulsifying action of bile salts.
Step-by-step explanation:
What is one product of triglyceride digestion that can be absorbed into the cells lining the small intestine? The correct answer is fatty acids. During the process of triglyceride digestion, triglycerides are broken down into monoglycerides and fatty acids. These fatty acids can be directly absorbed by the absorptive cells, known as enterocytes, that line the small intestine. This is made possible through the action of bile salts, which emulsify these lipids into micelles, thereby increasing their accessibility to digestive enzymes like pancreatic lipases. Once absorbed, fatty acids can be used by the body as an energy source or can be re-esterified into triglycerides and incorporated into lipoprotein particles such as chylomicrons for transport in the bloodstream.