Final answer:
Plasmolysis is the separation of the plasma membrane from the cell wall when a cell is exposed to a hypertonic environment, leading to loss of turgor pressure in plants. Halophiles are organisms that require high salt concentrations for growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Plasmolysis is the separation of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when a cell is exposed to a hypertonic environment. In plants, plasmolysis occurs when water exits the cell due to the extracellular fluid becoming hypertonic. This causes the cell membrane to detach from the cell wall and constrict the cytoplasm, leading to loss of turgor pressure and wilting.
A halophile is an organism that requires high salt concentrations for growth. These organisms, such as halobacteria and certain algae, are found in marine environments with high salt concentrations. They have adaptations to counteract the osmotic pressure and survive in hypersaline environments.