Final answer:
The Arduino UNO uses the ATmega328p microcontroller, which is known for its accessibility and versatility in various projects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The microcontroller used in the Arduino UNO is the ATmega328p. The Arduino platform is designed for ease-of-use and accessibility for those entering the world of electronics and programming. Different versions of Arduino boards use various types of microcontrollers. However, specifically for the Arduino UNO which is one of the most popular and frequently used models for beginners and enthusiasts alike, the ATmega328p microcontroller is the brain of the board.
This microcontroller is responsible for executing the uploaded code and interacting with connected sensors, actuators, and other components. It is known for its versatility and its 8-bit processing capacity, which, while simpler than more advanced microcontrollers, provides ample capability for a wide array of projects and education purposes.